SWVRC Fianance, Loans & Debt

Main Menu

  • Home
  • Coefficient of Variation
  • Temporal
  • Nasdaq
  • MSCIWI
  • Debt

SWVRC Fianance, Loans & Debt

Header Banner

SWVRC Fianance, Loans & Debt

  • Home
  • Coefficient of Variation
  • Temporal
  • Nasdaq
  • MSCIWI
  • Debt
Coefficient of Variation
Home›Coefficient of Variation›The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children with psychiatric diagnoses – multidimensional CCPCA Model | BMC Psychiatry

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children with psychiatric diagnoses – multidimensional CCPCA Model | BMC Psychiatry

By Maureen Bellinger
July 23, 2022
0
0
  • Luo F, Ghanei Gheshlagh R, Dalvand S, et al. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fear of COVID-19. Front Psychol. 2021;12:661078. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661078.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu J, Shen B, Zhao M, et al. A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. Gen Psychiatry. 2020;33:e100213. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213.

    CAS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu KK, Chan SK, Ma TM. Posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). J Trauma Stress. 2005;18:39–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20004.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennis D, Radnitz C, Wheaton MG. A Perfect Storm? Health Anxiety, Contamination Fears, and COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Past Pandemics and Current Challenges. Int J Cogn Ther. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41811-021-00109-7.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin R, Haque S, Neto F, Myers LB. Initial psychological responses to Influenza A, H1N1 (“Swine flu”). BMC Infect Dis. 2009;9:166. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-9-166.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheaton MG, Abramowitz JS, Berman NC, et al. Psychological Predictors of Anxiety in Response to the H1N1 (Swine Flu) Pandemic. Cognit Ther Res. 2012;36:210–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9353-3.

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Brand J, McKay D, Wheaton MG, Abramowitz JS. The relationship between obsessive compulsive beliefs and symptoms, anxiety and disgust sensitivity, and Swine Flu fears. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2013;2:200–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2013.01.007.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Blakey SM, Reuman L, Jacoby RJ, Abramowitz JS. Tracing “Fearbola”: Psychological Predictors of Anxious Responding to the Threat of Ebola. Cognit Ther Res. 2015;39:816–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-015-9701-9.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Remmerswaal D, Muris P. Children’s fear reactions to the 2009 Swine Flu pandemic: The role of threat information as provided by parents. J Anxiety Disord. 2011;25:444–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.11.008.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprang G, Silman M. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Parents and Youth After Health-Related Disasters. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2013;7:105–10. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2013.22.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen J, Zhang SX, Wang Y, et al. The Relationship Between Age and Mental Health Among Adults in Iran During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00571-6.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Zreik G, Asraf K, Haimov I, Tikotzky L. Maternal perceptions of sleep problems among children and mothers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Israel. J Sleep Res. 2021;30:e13201. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13201.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Lades LK, Laffan K, Daly M, Delaney L. Daily emotional well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Br J Health Psychol. 2020;25:902–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12450.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Cachón-Zagalaz J, Sánchez-Zafra M, Sanabrias-Moreno D, et al. Systematic Review of the Literature About the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lives of School Children. Front Psychol. 2020;11:569348. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569348.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Fazeli S, Mohammadi Zeidi I, Lin C-Y, et al. Depression, anxiety, and stress mediate the associations between internet gaming disorder, insomnia, and quality of life during the COVID-19 outbreak. Addict Behav Reports. 2020;12:100307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100307.

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie X, Xue Q, Zhou Y, et al. Mental Health Status Among Children in Home Confinement During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in Hubei Province. China JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174:898. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1619.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Masuyama A, Shinkawa H, Kubo T (2020) Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Japanese Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale Among Adolescents. Int J Ment Health Addict.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00368-z

  • Idoiaga N, Berasategi N, Eiguren A, Picaza M. Exploring Children’s Social and Emotional Representations of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol. 2020;11:1952. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01952.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiao WY, Wang LN, Liu J, et al. Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children during the COVID-19 Epidemic. J Pediatr. 2020;221:264-266.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray L, Creswell C, Cooper PJ. The development of anxiety disorders in childhood: an integrative review. Psychol Med. 2009;39:1413–23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291709005157.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Muris P, van Zwol L, Huijding J, Mayer B. Mom told me scary things about this animal: Parents installing fear beliefs in their children via the verbal information pathway. Behav Res Ther. 2010;48:341–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2009.12.001.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang G, Zhang Y, Zhao J, et al. Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet. 2020;395:945–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30547-X.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker SP, Gregory AM. Editorial Perspective: Perils and promise for child and adolescent sleep and associated psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2020;61:757–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13278.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu Z, Tang H, Jin Q, et al. Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. J Sleep Res. 2021;30:e13142. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13142.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker SP, Sidol CA, Van Dyk TR, et al. Intraindividual variability of sleep/wake patterns in relation to child and adolescent functioning: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev. 2017;34:94–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.07.004.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovato N, Gradisar M. A meta-analysis and model of the relationship between sleep and depression in adolescents: Recommendations for future research and clinical practice. Sleep Med Rev. 2014;18:521–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2014.03.006.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregory AM, Sadeh A. Annual Research Review: Sleep problems in childhood psychiatric disorders – a review of the latest science. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2016;57:296–317. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12469.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida IL de L, Rego JF, Teixeira ACG, Moreira MR. Social isolation and its impact on child and adolescent development: a systematic review. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2022;40. https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020385

  • Loades ME, Chatburn E, Higson-Sweeney N, Reynolds S, Shafran R, Brigden A, et al. Rapid Systematic Review: The Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in the Context of COVID-19. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;59:1218-1239.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.009.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Petrowski N, Cappa C, Pereira A, et al. Violence against children during COVID-19: Assessing and understanding change in use of helplines. Child Abuse Negl. 2021;116:104757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104757.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020;395:912–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Yao H, Chen J-H, Xu Y-F. Patients with mental health disorders in the COVID-19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7:e21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30090-0.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Skoda E-M, Bäuerle A, Schweda A, et al. Severely increased generalized anxiety, but not COVID-19-related fear in individuals with mental illnesses: A population based cross-sectional study in Germany. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2021;67:550–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020960773.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ersoy K, Altın B, Bayram Sarıkaya B, Güngörmüş Özkardaş O. The Comparison of Impact of Health Anxiety on Dispositional Hope and Psychological Well-Being of Mothers Who Have Children Diagnosed with Autism and Mothers Who Have Normal Children, in Covid-19 Pandemic. Soc Sci Res J. 2020;9:117–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. American Psychiatric Association Publishing; 2022. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787

  • Stein DJ, Costa DLC, Lochner C, Miguel EC, Reddy YCJ, Shavitt RG, et al. Obsessive–compulsive disorder. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2019;5:52. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0102-3.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams TG, Kelmendi B, Brake CA, Gruner P, Badour CL, Pittenger C. The Role of Stress in the Pathogenesis and Maintenance of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Chronic Stress. 2018;2:247054701875804. https://doi.org/10.1177/2470547018758043.

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Seçer İ, Ulaş S. An Investigation of the Effect of COVID-19 on OCD in Youth in the Context of Emotional Reactivity, Experiential Avoidance, Depression and Anxiety. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2021;19:2306–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00322-z.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Guzick AG, Candelari A, Wiese AD, Schneider SC, Goodman WK, Storch EA. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2021;23:71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-021-01284-2.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanir Y, Karayagmurlu A, Kaya İ, Kaynar TB, Türkmen G, Dambasan BN, et al. Exacerbation of obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms in children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res. 2020;293:113363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113363.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Nissen JB, Højgaard DRMA, Thomsen PH. The immediate effect of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder. BMC Psychiatry. 2020;20:511. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02905-5.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Khosravani V, Asmundson GJG, Taylor S, Sharifi Bastan F, Samimi Ardestani SM. The Persian COVID stress scales (Persian-CSS) and COVID-19-related stress reactions in patients with obsessive-compulsive and anxiety disorders. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2021;28: 100615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100615.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee DD. The other side of COVID-19: Impact on obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112966.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • French I, Lyne J. Acute exacerbation of OCD symptoms precipitated by media reports of COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med. 2020;37:291–4. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2020.61.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, McKee M, Torbica A, Stuckler D. Systematic Literature Review on the Spread of Health-related Misinformation on Social Media. Soc Sci Med. 2019;240:112552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112552.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz-Lifshitz M, Basel D, Lang C, Hertz-Palmor N, Dekel I, Zohar J, et al. Obsessive compulsive symptoms severity among children and adolescents during COVID-19 first wave in Israel. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2021;28:100610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100610.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Jefsen OH, Rohde C, Nørremark B, Østergaard SD. Editorial Perspective: COVID-19 pandemic-related psychopathology in children and adolescents with mental illness. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021;62:798–800. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13292.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahorsu DK, Lin C-Y, Imani V, et al. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalenik AM, Górnik J, Konowałek Ł, Szymańska U (2021) Validation and psychometric evaluation of the Polish version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale in children and adolescent. Psychiatr Pol. 2022:1–11. https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/145019.

  • Kovacs M. The children’s depression inventory (CDI). Psychopharmacololgy Bull. 1985;21:995–8.

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Kovacs M, Wrocławska-Warchala E, Wujcik Radosław. CDI-2. Zestaw Kwestionariuszy do Diagnozy Depresji u Dzieci i Młodzieży. Podręcznik. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego; 2017.

  • Spielberger CD, Edwards CD, Lushene RE, et al. Preliminary manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sosnowski T, Iwaniszczuk D, Spielberger CD. Polska adaptacja Inwentarzu Stanu i Cechy Lęku dla Dzieci (STAIC). Stud Psychol. 1989;22:67–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper J. The Leyton Obsessional Inventory. Psychol Med. 1970;1:48–64. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700040010.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryńska A, Wolańczyk T. Metody oceny zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsywnego u dzieci i młodzieży – cz. I. Polska wersja kwestionariusza Leyton Obsessional Inventory – Child Version. In: Namysłowska I. red. Zaburzenia psychiczne dzieci i młodzieży. Wybrane zagadnienia. Kraków: Biblioteka Psychiatrii Polskiej; 2000. p. 65–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryńska A. Zaburzenie Obsesyjno-kompulsyjne. Rozpoznawanie, etiologia, terapia poznawczo-behawioralna. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser HF. An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika. 1974;39:31–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575.

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Ringnér M. What is principal component analysis? Nat Biotechnol. 2008;26:303–4. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0308-303.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Schölkopf B. The Kernel Trick for Distances. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 2000. p. 301–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leśkiewicz M, Kaliszewski M, Mierczyk Z, Włodarski M. Porównanie liniowych metod PCA (Principal Component Analysis) i LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) zastosowanych do klasyfikacji matryc wzbudzeniowo-emisyjnych wybranych grup substancji biologicznych. Bull Mil Univ Technol. 2016;65:15–31. https://doi.org/10.5604/12345865.1197960.

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Topolski M. The Modified Principal Component Analysis Feature Extraction Method for the Task of Diagnosing Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Type B-CLL. J Univers Comput Sci. 2020;26:734–46 (https://doi.org/0000-0002-5213-6845).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Topolski M. Algorithm of Multidimensional Analysis of Main Features of PCA with Blurry Observation of Facility Features Detection of Carcinoma Cells Multiple Myeloma. 2020. p. 286–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Topolski M, Topolska K. Algorithm for Constructing a Classifier Team Using a Modified PCA (Principal Component Analysis) in the Task of Diagnosis of Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia Type B-CLL. 2019. p. 614–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Topolski M. Application of the Stochastic Gradient Method in the Construction of the Main Components of PCA in the Task Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis in Children. 2020. p. 35–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soraci P, Ferrari A, Abbiati FA, et al. Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Italian Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00277-1.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Tzur Bitan D, Grossman-Giron A, Bloch Y, et al. Fear of COVID-19 scale: Psychometric characteristics, reliability and validity in the Israeli population. Psychiatry Res. 2020;289: 113100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113100.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinhardt-Injac B, Daum MM, Meinhardt G. Theory of mind development from adolescence to adulthood: Testing the two-component model. Br J Dev Psychol. 2020;38:289–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12320.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalton L, Rapa E, Stein A. Protecting the psychological health of children through effective communication about COVID-19. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal. 2020;4:346–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30097-3.

    CAS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Prime H, Wade M, Browne DT. Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am Psychol. 2020;75:631–43. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000660.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Advocacy. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/healthy-parenting

  • de Rosnay M, Cooper PJ, Tsigaras N, Murray L. Transmission of social anxiety from mother to infant: An experimental study using a social referencing paradigm. Behav Res Ther. 2006;44:1165–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.09.003.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Bögels SM, van Dongen L, Muris P. Family influences on dysfunctional thinking in anxious children. Infant Child Dev. 2003;12:243–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.288.

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia KM, Carlton CN, Richey JA. Parenting Characteristics among Adults With Social Anxiety and their Influence on Social Anxiety Development in Children: A Brief Integrative Review. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:614318. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.614318.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hadwin JA, Garner M, Perez-Olivas G. The development of information processing biases in childhood anxiety: A review and exploration of its origins in parenting. Clin Psychol Rev. 2006;26:876–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.09.004.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Chorpita BF, Albano AM, Barlow DH. Cognitive processing in children: Relation to anxiety and family influences. J Clin Child Psychol. 1996;25:170–6. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp2502_5.

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans GW, Li D, Whipple SS. Cumulative risk and child development. Psychol Bull. 2013;139:1342–96. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031808.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Albrecht A, Müller I, Ardi Z, et al. Neurobiological consequences of juvenile stress: A GABAergic perspective on risk and resilience. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017;74:21–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.005.

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson D, Dupuis G, Piche J, et al. Adult mental health outcomes of adolescent depression: A systematic review. Depress Anxiety. 2018;35:700–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22777.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Related posts:

    1. Predicting tissue-specific gene expression from complete blood transcriptome
    2. MRI biomarker to foretell LNM in T3 stage rectal carcinoma
    3. Medical Components Related to Excessive Glycemic Variability Outlined by
    4. Significance of RDW in predicting mortality in COVID‐19—An evaluation of 622 circumstances – Soni – – Worldwide Journal of Laboratory Hematology

    Categories

    • Coefficient of Variation
    • Debt
    • MSCIWI
    • Nasdaq
    • Temporal
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Privacy Policy